If your question is not registered in the list above, please ask your question.

1. If I have any questions about your proteomics products, who do I contact?
2. Which applications may require peptides?
3. How do I order peptides?
4. Can I also order from abroad?
5. How much does the synthesis of a peptide cost?
6. Which services are included in the price?
7. When will I receive my peptide?
8. What means "purity"?
9. Why do peptides have to be purified?
10. Which purity degree do I need for my peptide?
11. What's the IUPAC amino acid code?
12. How do you control the high quality of your peptides?
13. What is MALDI-ToF?
14. Which modifications do you offer?
15. When do I need N-terminal acetylation or C-terminal amidation?
16. How do I store my peptides?
17. How do I handle my peptides? What do I do if my peptide refuses to dilute?

1. If I have any questions about your proteomics products, who do I contact?
If you cannot find an answer in our "FAQ-catalogue" just contact us.
The easiest way is to write an email to info@inbios.it.
We will try to answer your question as soon as possible.



2. Which applications may require peptides?
Enzymatic assays, peptide antibody generation (peptide antigens), NMR or crystallographic analysis, affinity chromatography, ligand receptor interaction measurements...



3. How do I order peptides?

There are two different possibilities:
Via fax to the number: +39-081-19571728
via e-mail (suggested) to info@inbios.it

We need the following informations:
delivery and billing address, sequence (1 letter code, see FAQ 11), amount you order in mg, purity in %

If you have any question, please contact info@inbios.it



4. Can I also order from abroad?
Yes! The peptides are sent lyophilized and are stable for a long time in this status.
They won't lose quality during the transport.



5. How much does the synthesis of a peptide cost?
If you need a linear peptide at a length between 11-25 amino acids you can look at our online price list.
Here you will find the prices per amino acid for different purity grades and final yield of your peptide.
If your peptide is <11 aa, longer than >25 aa or a modified special peptide, please contact info@inbios.it for a quotation.



6. Which services are included in the price?
We check the amino acid sequence for you and make suggestions for improvements if the synthesis is likely to become difficult.
For special peptides, we will give you advice if required.
We synthesize the peptide for you and deliver it with the respective QC.



7. When will I receive my peptide?
The delivery time depends on the sequence, the amount and the degree of purification.
We will inform you about the delivery time individually, which is usually between 2-4 weeks.



8. What means "purity"?
A purity of 95% means for example that 95% of the sample contains full length peptides.
The other 5% are truncated or deleted synthesis fragments.



9. Why do peptides have to be purified?
Residual toxic reagents have to be removed.
Coupling is never 100% efficient. During synthesis truncated and deletion sequences accumulate which might interfere with the activity of the peptide.



10. Which purity degree do I need for my peptide?





11. What's the IUPAC amino acid code?

Alanine	Ala	A	Methionine	Met	M
Cystein	Cys	C	Asparagine	Asn	N
Aspartic Acid	Asp	D	Proline	Pro	P
Glutamic Acid	Glu	E	Glutamine	Gln	Q
Phenylalanine	Phe	F	Arginine	Arg	R
Glycine	Gly	G	Serine	Ser	S
Histidine	His	H	Threonine	Thr	T
Isoleucine	Ile	I	Valine	Val	V
Lysine	Lys	K	Tryptophane	Trp	W
Leucine	Leu	L	Tyrosine	Tyr	Y

12. How do you control the high quality of your peptides?
We use high quality reagents and solutions for the synthesis, and each synthesis step is monitored.
Together with the peptides you will receive the QC documents: HPLC chromatogram and MALDI spectrum.



13. What is MALDI-ToF?
MALDI stands for Matrix Assisted Laser Desorption - Time of Flight.
This method determines the mass of molecules.
We can check whether the synthesized peptide has the right mass which means that the sum of the single amino acids is correct or not.
The molecule is ionized, accelerated in an electric field and then collected by a detector. The time of flight (way from ionizator to collector) correlates with the mass : charge ratio.



14. Which modifications do you offer?
C-terminal amidation, N-terminal acetylation, biotinylation, fluorescent labels (fluorescein, ...), phosphorylation, myristoylation, cyclic peptides, wobble peptides and many more... Just ask!



15. When do I need N-terminal acetylation or C-terminal amidation?
The reason for adding these modifications is to avoid unnatural charges at the ends of the peptide, and to make the peptide more resistant to exopeptidases.
We suggest to amidate the C-terminus of N-terminal peptides. The COOH-group then remains uncharged like it would be inside of the polypeptide chain. Analogously, the N-terminus of C-terminal peptides should be acetylated. Internal peptides should be modified at both ends.



16. How do I store my peptides?
The peptides are delivered lyophilized. In this status they have the maximum stability. They can be stored at 20°C for a long time. If they are stored lyophilized at room temperature they are only stable for about a year.
If you want to weigh some aliquots of the powder, please allow the vial to warm up to room temperature before you open it. The reason is that some peptides might absorb atmospherical humidity when exposed to a "warmer environment".

The peptides are less stable in solution. Just dilute the peptide to the volume which is suggested on the Certificate of Analysis which you obtain from us. You should use destilled, sterile water for dilution.
You can re-lyophilize or freeze the aliquots.
In solution they are stable for several hours at room temperature, for several months (about 3) at -20°C.

Avoid repeated freeze and thaw cycles.
Store the peptide in the dark, if your peptide carries a fluorescent group.



17. How do I handle my peptides? What do I do if my peptide refuses to dilute?
Just dilute the peptide to the volume which is suggested on the Certificate of Analysis provided by us.
You should use destilled, sterile water for dilution.
Concentrations between 1-10mg/ml are recommended.

The solubility of a peptide always depends on its amino acid composition. If you face problems, we suggest the following:
Add a few drops of 1% aqueous acetic acid if the peptide is basic.
Add a few drops of 1% ammonium hydroxide if the peptide is acidic.